Search results for " Galanin"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Serotonin Heteroreceptor Complexes and Their Integration of Signals in Neurons and Astroglia—Relevance for Mental Diseases

2021

The heteroreceptor complexes present a novel biological principle for signal integration. These complexes and their allosteric receptor–receptor interactions are bidirectional and novel targets for treatment of CNS diseases including mental diseases. The existence of D2R-5-HT2AR heterocomplexes can help explain the anti-schizophrenic effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs not only based on blockade of 5-HT2AR and of D2R in higher doses but also based on blocking the allosteric enhancement of D2R protomer signaling by 5-HT2AR protomer activation. This research opens a new understanding of the integration of DA and 5-HT signals released from DA and 5-HT nerve terminal networks. The biologica…

0301 basic medicineReviewheteroreceptor complexesTropomyosin receptor kinase BReceptor tyrosine kinasechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineG protein-coupled receptorsserotonin receptorsReceptor Serotonin 5-HT2ABiology (General)astrogliabiologyChemistryMental DisordersBrainGeneral MedicineAntidepressive AgentsdepressionG protein-coupled receptors; astroglia; depression; heteroreceptor complexes; rapid antidepressant drugs; receptor tyrosine kinase; serotonin receptors.medicine.symptomAntipsychotic AgentsSerotonergic NeuronsSignal TransductionProto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Srcserotonin receptorheteroreceptor complexeQH301-705.5Astroglia; Depression; G protein-coupled receptors; Heteroreceptor complexes; Rapid antidepressant drugs; Receptor tyrosine kinase; Serotonin receptors;Allosteric regulationserotonin receptors heteroreceptor complexes depression astroglia receptor tyrosine kinase rapid antidepressant drugs G protein-coupled receptors.depression astroglia receptor tyrosine kinase rapid antidepressant drugs G protein-coupled receptorsHeteroreceptorNO03 medical and health sciencesmedicineAnimalsHumansReceptor Fibroblast Growth Factor Type 1rapid antidepressant drugsG protein-coupled receptorReceptors Dopamine D2Dopaminergic NeuronsTyrosine phosphorylationReceptor Cross-TalkReceptor Galanin Type 1Receptor Galanin Type 2030104 developmental biologyMechanism of actionAstrocytesreceptor tyrosine kinasebiology.proteinReceptors Serotonin 5-HT1Neuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCells
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Selective expression of galanin in neuronal-like cells of the human carotid body

2015

The carotid body is a neural-crest-derived organ devoted to respiratory homeostasis through sensing changes in blood oxygen levels. The sensory units are the glomeruli composed of clusters of neuronal-like (type I) cells surrounded by glial-like (type II) cells. During chronic hypoxia, the carotid body shows growth, with increasing neuronal-like cell numbers. We are interested in the signals involved in the mechanisms that underlie such response, because they are not well understood and described. Considering that, in literature, galanin is involved in neurotrophic or neuroprotective role in cell proliferation and is expressed in animal carotid body, we investigated its expression in human.…

AdultGenetics and Molecular Biology (all)medicine.medical_specialtyCellGalaninNeuroprotectionBiochemistryCarotid body; Galanin; Hypoxia; Oxygen sensing; Adult; Aged; Carotid Body; Galanin; Humans; Middle Aged; Neurons; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Medicine (all)Internal medicinemedicineHumansRespiratory systemGalaninHypoxiaAgedNeuronsCarotid BodybiologyMedicine (all)Hypoxia (medical)Middle AgedOxygen sensingCell biologyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systembiology.proteinCarotid bodymedicine.symptomHomeostasisNeurotrophin
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Control of Gastric Acid Secretion in Somatostatin Receptor 2 Deficient Mice: Shift from Endocrine/Paracrine to Neurocrine Pathways

2007

The gastrin-enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell-parietal cell axis is known to play an important role in the regulation of gastric acid secretion. Somatostatin, acting on somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2), interferes with this axis by suppressing the activity of the gastrin cells, ECL cells, and parietal cells. Surprisingly, however, freely fed SSTR2 knockout mice seem to display normal circulating gastrin concentration and unchanged acid output. In the present study, we compared the control of acid secretion in these mutant mice with that in wild-type mice. In SSTR2 knockout mice, the number of gastrin cells was unchanged; whereas the numbers of somatostatin cells were reduced in the antru…

medicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemCell CountGalaninBiologyHistidine DecarboxylaseArticleGastric AcidMiceEndocrinologyParietal Cells GastricInternal medicineParacrine CommunicationmedicineEnterochromaffin CellsSomatostatin receptor 2AnimalsReceptors SomatostatinEnterochromaffin-like cellGastrinMice KnockoutDelta cellSomatostatin receptorGastrin-Secreting Cellsdigestive oral and skin physiologyNeurosecretory SystemsMicroscopy ElectronEndocrinologySomatostatinGastric MucosaVesicular Monoamine Transport ProteinsG cellReceptors Galaninhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists
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